বাংলাদেশ ও ভারত (পাঠ- ৫)

অষ্টম শ্রেণি (দাখিল) - বিজ্ঞান রাসায়নিক বিক্রিয়া | - | NCTB BOOK

আমাদের পার্শ্ববর্তী দেশ ভারত। এ দেশের সঙ্গে আমাদের ঐতিহাসিক ও সাংস্কৃতিক সম্পর্ক রয়েছে। কৃষির ক্ষেত্রে এই যোগাযোগ দুই দেশেরই ঐতিহ্যের অঙ্গ। দুইটি দেশই জনসংখ্যা দ্রুত বৃদ্ধির দ্বারা সমস্যাগ্রস্ত। এই বিপুল দ্রুত বর্ধনশীল জনগোষ্ঠীর ক্ষুধা নিবারণের গুরুভার দেশ দুইটির কৃষক সমাজের ওপর ন্যস্ত। ভারতের কৃষি বাংলাদেশের তুলনায় অনেক অগ্রসর। ধানসহ অন্যান্য শস্য, ডাল, ফুল, ফল, শাকসবজি, ভোজ্য তেলবীজ, তুলা, আখ,পোল্ট্রি, ডেইরি, মৎস্য সহ প্রায় সকল কৃষিপণ্য উৎপাদনে ভারত বাংলাদেশ থেকে এগিয়ে। ভারতে রয়েছে বিশ্বের সর্ববৃহৎ ডেইরি সমবায় প্রতিষ্ঠান, যা বিশ্বের জন্য অনুকরণীয় উদাহরণ। এর প্রধান দুইটি কারণের একটি হলো ভারতের কৃষক বাংলাদেশের কৃষকদের চেয়ে অনেক সংগঠিত; অপরটি হলো কৃষিবিজ্ঞান ও প্রকৌশলে ভারতের অভূতপূর্ব অগ্রগতি। ভারতীয় বিজ্ঞানীরা শুধু ভারতের কৃষিকেই নয় বিশ্বের কৃষিকেও নেতৃত্ব দিচ্ছেন। অবশ্য ভারতে কাজের ক্ষেত্রও বিশাল। বাংলাদেশের প্রায় আঠারো গুণ বড় এই দেশটিতে কৃষি পরিবেশের বৈচিত্র্য একদিকে যেমন চ্যালেঞ্জ অপরদিকে ততোটাই সম্ভাবনাময়। মরু অঞ্চল থেকে শুরু করে বরফাবৃত অঞ্চল, নিচু জলাভূমি থেকে শুরু করে পার্বত্য অসমতল ভূমি, অনুর্বর খরাপ্রবণ এলাকা থেকে নদীবিধৌত উর্বর অঞ্চলও রয়েছে। দেশের এক অঞ্চলে যখন তুষারস্নাত শীতকাল অন্য অঞ্চলে তখন গ্রীষ্ম বা বসন্তকাল। ফলে ভারতের সর্বত্র প্রায় সব ধরনের ফসল সারা বছরই উৎপাদিত হচ্ছে।

এত কিছুর পরও উভয় দেশের প্রায় সকল ফসলের জমির ইউনিট প্রতি গড় উৎপাদন কাছাকাছি। আবার ভারতের কিছু কিছু রাজ্য রয়েছে যেমন- পাঞ্জাব, হরিয়ানা বা কেরালা যেখানে ইউনিট প্রতি উৎপাদন অনেক বেশি।

পাট, চামড়া, ইলিশ, চিংড়ি ইত্যাদি কিছু পণ্য ছাড়া প্রায় সব কৃষিপণ্য ভারত থেকে বাংলাদেশে রপ্তানি হয়।

 

বাংলাদেশ ও ভিয়েতনাম

বাংলাদেশের ও ভিয়েতনামের কৃষিতে বেশি মিল ধান উৎপাদনে। তবে এক্ষেত্রে দৃশ্যত ভিয়েতনামের কৃষকদের অগ্রগতি বাংলাদেশের চেয়ে দ্রুত হয়েছে। পঁচিশ বৎসর আগে যেখানে ভিয়েতনামের কৃষি উৎপাদন অনগ্রসর ও দুর্বল ছিল, তারা প্রায় সকল ক্ষেত্রে বাংলাদেশকে ছাড়িয়ে গেছে। এই গতি পাওয়ার প্রধানতম কারণ হলো ভিয়েতনামের কৃষক সমাজ অত্যন্ত সংগঠিত। ভিয়েতনামের কৃষি সমবায় সংগঠনগুলো অত্যন্ত শক্তিশালী ও সৃজনশীল । সেখানকার সকল কৃষক কোনো না কোনো সমবায় সংগঠনের সাথে যুক্ত। কৃষি সমবায় সংগঠনগুলো এতো শক্তিশালী যে এরা স্থানীয় সরকারের বাৎসরিক ব্যয়ের অন্তত ৫০% যোগান দিয়ে থাকে। স্থানীয় কৃষি গবেষণা ও কৃষি সম্প্রসারণ প্রতিষ্ঠানগুলোকেও তারা আর্থিক সহায়তা দেয়। এই সকল সংগঠন কৃষিনীতি ও কর্মপদ্ধতি নির্ধারণে ভূমিকা রাখে। বাংলাদেশ ইতোমধ্যে কৃষিতে ভিয়েতনাম থেকে বেশ কিছু মাঠ প্রযুক্তি গ্রহণ করেছে।

কাজ : শিক্ষার্থীরা দলে বিভক্ত হয়ে বাংলাদেশের কৃষির অগ্রগতির সাথে অন্য একটি এশীয় দেশের কৃষির অগ্রগতির তুলনামূলক আলোচনা পোস্টার পেপারে চার্ট আকারে লিখবে এবং উপস্থাপন করবে।
common.content_added_by
টপ রেটেড অ্যাপ

স্যাট অ্যাকাডেমী অ্যাপ

আমাদের অল-ইন-ওয়ান মোবাইল অ্যাপের মাধ্যমে সীমাহীন শেখার সুযোগ উপভোগ করুন।

ভিডিও
লাইভ ক্লাস
এক্সাম
ডাউনলোড করুন
Promotion
Request history8.2.27PHP Version154msRequest Duration36MBMemory UsageGET academy/{slug}Route
    • Booting (96.04ms)time
    • Application (58.32ms)time
    • 1 x Booting (62.22%)
      96.04ms
      1 x Application (37.78%)
      58.32ms
      53 templates were rendered
      • 1x academy.subject.read_chapterread_chapter.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x academy.include.sidebarListsidebarList.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x academy.include.left_sidebar_menuleft_sidebar_menu.blade.php#?blade
      • 14x academy.include.sidebarSubListsidebarSubList.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x academy.include.question_cardquestion_card.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.modal.self_test_modalself_test_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.modal.bookmark_modalbookmark_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.modal.error_report_modalerror_report_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.modal.video_modalvideo_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.page_type_scriptpage_type_script.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x job.job_include.job_scriptjob_script.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.activity_scriptactivity_script.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.test_scripttest_script.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.custom_dropdowncustom_dropdown.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.follow_unfollow_scriptfollow_unfollow_script.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.short_statistics_scriptshort_statistics_script.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.navigator_sharenavigator_share.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x layouts.satt-appsatt-app.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x includes.header_link2header_link2.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x laravelpwa::metameta.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x layouts.headerheader.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x layouts.toolbartoolbar.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x frontend.downloadourappdownloadourapp.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x frontend.referralreferral.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x auth.user_type_modaluser_type_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x layouts.footerfooter.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.login_modallogin_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x components.authentication-card-logoauthentication-card-logo.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.includes.promotion_modalpromotion_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.includes.notification_item_modalnotification_item_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.includes.notification_item_list_modalnotification_item_list_modal.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.includes.promotion_offcanvaspromotion_offcanvas.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x includes.footer_link2footer_link2.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x includes.restrictrestrict.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x livewire-alert::components.scriptsscripts.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x livewire-alert::components.flashflash.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x admin.include.toastrtoastr.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.search.search_scriptsearch_script.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.promotion_scriptpromotion_script.blade.php#?blade
      • 1x common.script.promotion_functionspromotion_functions.blade.php#?blade
      uri
      GET academy/{slug}
      middleware
      web, throttle:global
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\Academy\SubjectController@chapter
      namespace
      prefix
      where
      as
      academy.subject.chapter
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:102-110
      24 statements were executed (2 duplicates)Show only duplicates20.29ms
      • SubjectRepository.php#89debugerror_satt170μsselect `id`, `main_category_id`, `parent_id`, `show_content` from `subjects` where `slug` = 'বাংলাদেশ-ও-ভারত' and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
        Bindings
        • 0: বাংলাদেশ-ও-ভারত
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:89
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:86
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:23
      • SubjectService.php#34debugerror_satt430μsupdate `subjects` set `view_count` = `view_count` + 1, `subjects`.`updated_at` = '2025-03-13 11:14:57' where `id` = 19861
        Bindings
        • 0: 2025-03-13 11:14:57
        • 1: 19861
        Backtrace
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:34
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:44
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:266
      • QueryBuilder.php#38debugerror_satt130μsselect `_lft`, `_rgt` from `subjects` where `id` = 19861 limit 1
        Bindings
        • 0: 19861
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:38
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:60
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:235
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:227
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt200μsselect `id`, `name`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt`, `show_content`, `num_of_mcq`, `num_of_written`, `des_added_by`, `des_updated_by`, `author_name`, `link_subject_id`, `sub_category_id`, `main_category_id`, `slug`, `meta_og_title`, `meta_keyword`, `meta_description`, `vote`, `view_count`, `icon`, `page_type`, `chapter_name` from `subjects` where (`subjects`.`_lft` between 50547 and 50548) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 50547
        • 1: 50548
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt160μsselect `id`, `description`, `short_description`, `subject_id` from `subject_descriptions` where `subject_descriptions`.`subject_id` in (19861) and `subject_descriptions`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt120μsselect `id`, `name`, `slug` from `sub_categories` where `sub_categories`.`id` in (4874) and `sub_categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt160μsselect `id`, `user_id`, `completeable_type`, `completeable_id`, `complete_progress`, `is_complete` from `completes` where `completes`.`completeable_id` in (19861) and `completes`.`completeable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Subject'
        Bindings
        • 0: App\Models\Subject
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt130μsselect `id`, `name`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt`, `show_content`, `des_added_by`, `des_updated_by`, `author_name`, `link_subject_id` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (16218) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt130μsselect `id`, `description`, `short_description`, `subject_id` from `subject_descriptions` where `subject_descriptions`.`subject_id` in (16218) and `subject_descriptions`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt100μsselect `id`, `name`, `avatar` from `users` where `users`.`id` in (38332) and `users`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt420μsselect * from (select `questions`.`id`, `questions`.`subject_id`, `questions`.`category_id`, `questions`.`sub_category_id`, `questions`.`board_exam_id`, `questions`.`passage_id`, `questions`.`question_type`, `questions`.`question`, `questions`.`is_duplicate`, `questions`.`status`, `questions`.`image`, `subjectables`.`subject_id` as `pivot_subject_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` as `pivot_subjectable_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` as `pivot_subjectable_type`, row_number() over (partition by `subjectables`.`subject_id` order by `questions`.`created_at` desc) as `laravel_row` from `questions` inner join `subjectables` on `questions`.`id` = `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` where `subjectables`.`subject_id` in (19861) and `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `questions`.`status` = 'active' and `questions`.`deleted_at` is null) as `laravel_table` where `laravel_row` <= 5 order by `laravel_row`
        Bindings
        • 0: App\Models\Question
        • 1: active
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt140μsselect `id`, `question_id`, `option_1`, `option_2`, `option_3`, `option_4`, `option_5`, `image_option`, `image_question`, `answer` from `question_options` where `question_options`.`question_id` in (300153) and `question_options`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt90μsselect `id`, `name`, `slug` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (5) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt160μsselect `subjects`.`id`, `subjects`.`name`, `subjects`.`slug`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` as `pivot_subjectable_id`, `subjectables`.`subject_id` as `pivot_subject_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` as `pivot_subjectable_type`, `subjectables`.`created_user_id` as `pivot_created_user_id`, `subjectables`.`deleted_at` as `pivot_deleted_at`, `subjectables`.`status` as `pivot_status`, `subjectables`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `subjectables`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `subjects` inner join `subjectables` on `subjects`.`id` = `subjectables`.`subject_id` where `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` in (300153) and `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: App\Models\Question
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305debugerror_satt100μsselect `id`, `title`, `passage` from `passages` where `passages`.`id` in (0) and `passages`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:280
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • SubjectRepository.php#117debugerror_satt150μsselect * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` = 19861 and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
        Bindings
        • 0: 19861
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:117
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:116
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:51
      • SubjectRepository.php#120debugerror_satt8.97msselect `id`, `name`, `slug`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt` from `subjects` where (50548 between `subjects`.`_lft` and `subjects`.`_rgt` and `subjects`.`id` <> 19861) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null order by `_lft` asc
        Bindings
        • 0: 50548
        • 1: 19861
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:120
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:116
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:51
      • SubjectRepository.php#132debugerror_satt160μsselect * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` = 19861 and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
        Bindings
        • 0: 19861
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:132
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:131
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:52
      • SubjectRepository.php#135debugerror_satt120μsselect `id`, `name`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt`, `slug`, `meta_og_title`, `meta_keyword`, `meta_description` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` = 19851 and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
        Bindings
        • 0: 19851
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:135
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:131
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:52
      • SubjectRepository.php#135debugerror_satt100μsselect `id`, `description`, `subject_id` from `subject_descriptions` where `subject_descriptions`.`subject_id` in (19851) and `subject_descriptions`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:135
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:131
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:52
      • SubjectRepository.php#320debugerror_satt140μsselect * from `mediables` where `mediable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Subject' and `mediable_id` in (19861)
        Bindings
        • 0: App\Models\Subject
        • 1: 19861
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:320
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:67
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:44
      • SubjectRepository.php#335debugerror_satt150μsselect `videos`.`video_src_url`, `mediables`.`mediable_id` as `chapter_id` from `videos` inner join `mediables` on `mediables`.`mediable_id` = `videos`.`id` where `videos`.`id` = 0 and `videos`.`video_src` = 'youtube' and `videos`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 0
        • 1: youtube
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:335
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:68
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:44
      • SubjectService.php#73debugerror_satt7.71msselect `id`, `name`, `main_category_id`, `slug` from `subjects` where `id` <> 19861 and `parent_id` = 19851 and `main_category_id` = 2 and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null limit 5
        Bindings
        • 0: 19861
        • 1: 19851
        • 2: 2
        Backtrace
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:73
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:44
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:266
      • restrict.blade.php#30debugerror_satt150μsselect * from `package_plans` where `status` = 'active' and `package_plans`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: active
        Backtrace
        • view::includes.restrict:30
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:75
      App\Models\Subject
      16Subject.php#?
      App\Models\PackagePlan
      4PackagePlan.php#?
      App\Models\SubjectDescription
      3SubjectDescription.php#?
      App\Models\SubCategory
      1SubCategory.php#?
      App\Models\User
      1User.php#?
      App\Models\Question
      1Question.php#?
      App\Models\QuestionOption
      1QuestionOption.php#?
          _token
          YP7ZdXRBbWLTa8RmGc4vXG3yDDx2okYyE5j27qOP
          _previous
          array:1 [ "url" => "https://debugerror.xyz/academy/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E...
          _flash
          array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
          path_info
          /academy/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6-%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4
          status_code
          200
          
          status_text
          OK
          format
          html
          content_type
          text/html; charset=UTF-8
          request_query
          []
          
          request_request
          []
          
          request_headers
          0 of 0
          array:21 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkFpWFpTclQwMzJzbEduQ3MzYjQ4Vmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWXM0UGNpNE9ZNWMzWDZXUHV2SnZ6VkdvbUJ2UXZkQVJkM3AwRUhJSHBvRnVVZmVLQmluSGI4Y0EzTkZZckZnOHoreDB0SktKNWROZDNtRFlKbnZOY3Y4cWhkS21VUlh1T2J6SjBtYzlNUmVwU0hSTGdpNW91cXVUemtVRnhwOEUiLCJtYWMiOiI5MTk4NzFmNjVkMTVkMTA5ZWI2N2QwNzU5NjBhODAwMGM2MDIyM2YwMjlhNDBlZDFiYTQ4ZjNmMmM2ZWY0ZWNmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; satt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6IkcxSkQ3OTkybGJlN3pnTEZhKzdoZ0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV2N3TjhETkRKMHNBVGhKTjFrYzg3aE1PazJEZDZsYWlqbnpNUk9ydk1LcVU3S3hobnMvM0RtbkIwUnVLdzlaUU82WDNpM3pkaHNCdDJLOUh6STBteW5iTXBkNXJ0VXQzeld3dFRMOVg4TTBTajZFRGhqYVdxVFMwb3VYYVpTSzMiLCJtYWMiOiI4Y2I1MmVjNTU1OTg3YzhjOTdhMGNkNWJhNDU5MzNmOGE5NmM3NzcwMWNhMzMzMDdiMzg5Mjc0NzA3N2QyOGZkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3DXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkFpWFpTclQwMzJzbEduQ3MzYjQ4Vmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWXM0UGNpNE9ZNWMzWDZXUHV2SnZ6VkdvbUJ2UXZkQVJkM3AwRUhJSHBvRnVVZmVLQmluSGI4Y0EzTkZZckZnOHoreDB0S" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.141.104.233" ] "x-forwarded-server" => array:1 [ 0 => "debugerror.xyz" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-port" => array:1 [ 0 => "443" ] "x-forwarded-host" => array:1 [ 0 => "debugerror.xyz" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.141.104.233" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "debugerror.xyz" ] ]
          request_cookies
          0 of 0
          array:2 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "YP7ZdXRBbWLTa8RmGc4vXG3yDDx2okYyE5j27qOP" "satt_academy_session" => "f6DzJek7P7i2PnQPqLwRmEsCLu5EgCh1mckNdaQn" ]
          response_headers
          0 of 0
          array:7 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Thu, 13 Mar 2025 05:14:57 GMT" ] "x-ratelimit-limit" => array:1 [ 0 => "60" ] "x-ratelimit-remaining" => array:1 [ 0 => "50" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InBZUVpXSkVzSkZOZ2FyMVVUaFMxaWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSU1wSFhXR01tNGhleWZLWHZ0RjNaM2RDVUh3aXFqc0VWVXZ5TVlROEI3OWNqaFg5SkJXeVZOTkpUTUd4a2xySVFpTUJsbExHNklBTm1Eam9KNzEzdkVUdW5kZ2hRMTRTK0RMbis2YmNmRXd2eFQzaUZhVVg3MGVZcG5EbkdaRDIiLCJtYWMiOiJhMzc2NDE4YTk2YWMxODBhMDU0MmNjZTQ4MWViYjdlZDg5NmFhMDEyZjE5OGFjNTIzZmQ2MDliOWEwMDEyMjAxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 14 Mar 2025 05:14:57 GMT; Max-Age=86400; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InBZUVpXSkVzSkZOZ2FyMVVUaFMxaWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSU1wSFhXR01tNGhleWZLWHZ0RjNaM2RDVUh3aXFqc0VWVXZ5TVlROEI3OWNqaFg5SkJXeVZOTkpUTUd4a2xySVFpTUJsb" 1 => "satt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6IlRmenE1ajM1Q3JjSTN3VGFxNUkyZmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRHY4MGJ4YzBrTTNFZ2M5Njg0SVJLSzlJYnp5ajg1YnIxOEE3ei9lVEQyVitZSE5KNTJDUk1XM2dqMk5qRkFvK2pkdm56b281WkJiekV2UVMzb3hkNTV2Y1JwcmtIU3paTENxZ0c1dEwrbzIxOGlzVXlxcHhjWTg3MUk4VDluVkIiLCJtYWMiOiI1ZGU0ZjFlMjM5YWY1NDQxMDA2ZWJlYmFjODZmMmJhMWRlZGY5ZmU2ZDhmYmIyYmViOWJiNmI0OTk4MjAxNTE1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 14 Mar 2025 05:14:57 GMT; Max-Age=86400; path=/; secure; httponlysatt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6IlRmenE1ajM1Q3JjSTN3VGFxNUkyZmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRHY4MGJ4YzBrTTNFZ2M5Njg0SVJLSzlJYnp5ajg1YnIxOEE3ei9lVEQyVitZSE5KNTJDUk1XM2dqMk5qRkF" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InBZUVpXSkVzSkZOZ2FyMVVUaFMxaWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSU1wSFhXR01tNGhleWZLWHZ0RjNaM2RDVUh3aXFqc0VWVXZ5TVlROEI3OWNqaFg5SkJXeVZOTkpUTUd4a2xySVFpTUJsbExHNklBTm1Eam9KNzEzdkVUdW5kZ2hRMTRTK0RMbis2YmNmRXd2eFQzaUZhVVg3MGVZcG5EbkdaRDIiLCJtYWMiOiJhMzc2NDE4YTk2YWMxODBhMDU0MmNjZTQ4MWViYjdlZDg5NmFhMDEyZjE5OGFjNTIzZmQ2MDliOWEwMDEyMjAxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 14-Mar-2025 05:14:57 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InBZUVpXSkVzSkZOZ2FyMVVUaFMxaWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSU1wSFhXR01tNGhleWZLWHZ0RjNaM2RDVUh3aXFqc0VWVXZ5TVlROEI3OWNqaFg5SkJXeVZOTkpUTUd4a2xySVFpTUJsb" 1 => "satt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6IlRmenE1ajM1Q3JjSTN3VGFxNUkyZmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRHY4MGJ4YzBrTTNFZ2M5Njg0SVJLSzlJYnp5ajg1YnIxOEE3ei9lVEQyVitZSE5KNTJDUk1XM2dqMk5qRkFvK2pkdm56b281WkJiekV2UVMzb3hkNTV2Y1JwcmtIU3paTENxZ0c1dEwrbzIxOGlzVXlxcHhjWTg3MUk4VDluVkIiLCJtYWMiOiI1ZGU0ZjFlMjM5YWY1NDQxMDA2ZWJlYmFjODZmMmJhMWRlZGY5ZmU2ZDhmYmIyYmViOWJiNmI0OTk4MjAxNTE1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 14-Mar-2025 05:14:57 GMT; path=/; secure; httponlysatt_academy_session=eyJpdiI6IlRmenE1ajM1Q3JjSTN3VGFxNUkyZmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRHY4MGJ4YzBrTTNFZ2M5Njg0SVJLSzlJYnp5ajg1YnIxOEE3ei9lVEQyVitZSE5KNTJDUk1XM2dqMk5qRkF" ] ]
          session_attributes
          0 of 0
          array:3 [ "_token" => "YP7ZdXRBbWLTa8RmGc4vXG3yDDx2okYyE5j27qOP" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://debugerror.xyz/academy/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6-%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] ]
          ClearShow all
          Date ↕MethodURLData
          #12025-03-13 11:14:57GET/academy/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6-%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4532427